Average National SAT Scores for 2013

Normal National SAT Scores for 2013 In excess of a million secondary school understudies enrolled for the SAT for 2013. In the event that youd like to know how your companions did, here are a few outcomes from the national SAT scores for 2013. By and large SAT Scores for 2013 These are the mean, or normal, scores of all understudies who took the SAT from the fall of 2012 through June 2013, by area (they are indistinguishable from the scores from the year before):â Here are the mean scores for all analyzers by area: By and large: 1498Critical Reading: 496Mathematics: 514Writing: 488 (subscores: different decision: 48.1/paper: 7.3) SAT Scores by Gender Here are the years scores isolated by sexual orientation: Basic Reading:Males: 499Females: 494 Mathematics:Males: 531Females: 499 Writing:Males: 482Females: 493 SAT Scores by Reported Annual Income The outcomes show reliably that understudies from wealthier families score higher on the SAT than kids from families with lower livelihoods. This doesnt imply that higher salaries produce more brilliant children. Guardians with more riches may be all the more ready to buy SAT prepâ or retakes of the test. Here are the outcomes: $0 - $20,000: 1326$20,000 - $40,000: 1402$40,000 - $60,000: 1461$60,000 - $80,000: 1497$80,000 - $100,000: 1535$100,000 - $120,000: 1569$120,000 - $140,000: 1581$140,000 - $160,000: 1604$160,000 - $200,000: 1625$200,000 and the sky is the limit from there: 1714 SAT Scores by Ethnicity There is no causal connection among ethnicity and scores, however there are various outcomes dependent on ethnicity: Native American or Alaska Native: 1427Asian, Asian-American or Pacific Islander: 1645Black or African-American: 1278Mexican or Mexican-American: 1355Puerto Rican: 1354Other Hispanic, Latino, or Latin-American: 1354White: 1576Other: 1501No reaction: 1409 To spot patterns, you may contrast all the above information with the 2012 SAT results.â Other SAT Score Categories There are different classifications of mean SAT scores, including theâ average SAT scores for understudies entering theâ top open schoolsâ and theâ scores for the top private schools.â 2013 SAT Scores Summary These insights speak to the mean, yet not the person. Sharing nothing for all intents and purpose with the gatherings scoring the most elevated on the SAT doesnt imply that you cannot make sure about a first class score. On the off chance that you havent taken the SAT or are intending to retake it, there areâ free SAT practice quizzesâ and free SAT appsâ you can use to help set yourself up. Another authority recommends these extra methods of preparing: Know the test structure.Write practice essays.Ensure that you have an adding machine and extra batteries.Know when to figure on an inquiry and when to skip it entirely.Get a decent evenings rest.

Taylor Swift, free essay sample

Taylor Swift â€Å"Fearless† collection survey â€Å"You grasp my hand and drag me head first, fearless.† That is just one of the lines on this collection that will stall out in your mind for a considerable length of time. With everything taken into account, Taylor Swift’s sophomore collection is definitely not frustrating! It appears to be Swift is guessing any high school girl’s thoughts as every melody unfurls. Each melody is deeply transparent. It’s practically like each melody is a youthful girl’s journal radiating through in a genuine tune. There are melodies with everything from separations, (You’re Not Sorry, White Horse, and some more) to your first day of High School (Fifteen), to a decent connection with your mom, (The Best Day). In spite of the fact that her vocals can be a touch feeble, she has her own one of a kind sound, and it appears to be unfathomable to picture any other person singing or recording her tunes! All things considered, is on the grounds that each melody on the collection is either composed or co-composed by Taylor herself! The main drawback I would state to the collection is the way that pretty much every tune is the equivalent moderate beat. We will compose a custom exposition test on Taylor Swift, or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page There is the periodic two, (Forever and Always and Tell Me Why). Likewise, this collection is undeniably more fly than her presentation collection, which included more nation twang than this. Having said that, it is as yet an extraordinary collection. Alert! This collection is compelling!

Types of Nonverbal Communication

Types of Nonverbal Communication Theories Social Psychology Print Types of Nonverbal Communication By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on July 01, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on January 11, 2020 More in Theories Social Psychology Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology According to experts, a substantial portion of our communication is nonverbal. Every day we respond to thousands of nonverbal cues and behaviors, including postures, facial expressions, eye gaze, gestures, and tone of voice. From our handshakes to our hairstyles, nonverbal details reveal who we are and impact how we relate to other people. 2:07 9 Types of Nonverbal Communication Scientific research on nonverbal communication and behavior began with the 1872 publication of Charles Darwins The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. Since that time, abundant research on the types, effects, and expressions of unspoken communication and behavior. While these signals are often so subtle that we are not consciously aware of them, research has identified several different types of nonverbal communication. 9 Types of Nonverbal Communication Here are nine types of nonverbal cues and behaviors: Facial Expressions Facial expressions are responsible for a huge proportion of nonverbal communication.?? Consider how much information can be conveyed with a smile or a frown. The look on a persons face is often the first thing we see, even before we hear what they have to say. While nonverbal communication and behavior can vary dramatically between cultures, the facial expressions for happiness, sadness, anger, and fear are similar throughout the world. Verywell / Joshua Seong Gestures Deliberate movements and signals are an important way to communicate meaning without words.?? Common gestures include waving, pointing, and using fingers to indicate numeric amounts. Other gestures are arbitrary and related to culture. In courtroom settings, lawyers have been known to utilize different nonverbal signals to attempt to sway juror opinions. An attorney might glance at his watch to suggest that the opposing lawyers argument is tedious or might even roll his eyes at the testimony offered by a witness in an attempt to undermine his or her credibility. These nonverbal signals are seen as being so powerful and influential that some judges even place limits on what type of nonverbal behaviors are allowed in the courtroom. Paralinguistics Paralinguistics refers to vocal communication that is separate from actual language.?? This includes factors such as tone of voice, loudness, inflection, and pitch. Consider the powerful effect that tone of voice can have on the meaning of a sentence. When said in a strong tone of voice, listeners might interpret approval and enthusiasm. The same words said in a hesitant tone of voice might convey disapproval and a lack of interest. Consider all the different ways  that simply changing your tone of voice might change the meaning of a sentence. A friend might ask you how you are doing, and you might respond with the standard Im fine, but how you actually say those words might reveal a tremendous amount of how you are really feeling. A cold tone of voice might suggest that you are actually not fine, but you dont wish to discuss it. A bright, happy tone of voice will reveal that you are actually doing quite well. A somber, downcast tone would indicate that you are the opposite of fine and that perhaps your friend should inquire further. Body Language and Posture Posture and movement can also convey a great deal of information.?? Research on body language has grown significantly since the 1970s, but popular media have focused on the over-interpretation of defensive postures, arm-crossing, and leg-crossing, especially after publishing Julius Fasts book Body Language. While these nonverbal behaviors can indicate feelings and attitudes, research suggests that body language is far more subtle and less definitive than previously believed. Proxemics People often refer to their need for personal space, which is also an important type of nonverbal communication.?? The amount of distance we need and the amount of space we perceive as belonging to us is influenced by a number of factors including social norms, cultural expectations, situational factors, personality characteristics, and level of familiarity. For example, the amount of personal space needed when having a casual conversation with another person usually varies between 18 inches to four feet. On the other hand, the personal distance needed when speaking to a crowd of people is around 10 to 12 feet. Eye Gaze The eyes play an important role in nonverbal communication and such things as looking, staring and blinking are important nonverbal behaviors. When people encounter people or things that they like, the rate of blinking increases and pupils dilate. Looking at another person can indicate a range of emotions including hostility, interest, and attraction. People also utilize eye gaze as a means to determine if someone is being honest.?? Normal, steady eye contact is often taken as a sign that a person is telling the truth and is trustworthy. Shifty eyes and an inability to maintain eye contact, on the other hand, is frequently seen as an indicator that someone is lying or being deceptive. Haptics Communicating through touch is another important nonverbal behavior. There has been a substantial amount of research on the importance of touch in infancy and early childhood. Harry Harlows classic monkey study demonstrated how deprived touch and contact impedes development. Baby monkeys raised by wire mothers experienced permanent deficits in behavior and social interaction. Touch can be used to communicate affection, familiarity, sympathy, and other emotions. In her book Interpersonal Communication: Everyday Encounters, author Julia Wood writes that touch is also often used as a way to communicate both status and power.?? Researchers have found that high-status individuals tend to invade other peoples personal space with greater frequency and intensity than lower-status individuals. Sex differences also play a role in how people utilize touch to communicate meaning. Women tend to use touch to convey care, concern, and nurturance. Men, on the other hand, are more likely to use touch to assert power or control over others. Appearance Our choice of color, clothing, hairstyles, and other factors affecting appearance are also considered a means of nonverbal communication.?? Research on color psychology has demonstrated that different colors can evoke different moods. Appearance can also alter physiological reactions, judgments, and interpretations. Just think of all the subtle judgments you quickly make about someone based on his or her appearance. These first impressions are important, which is why experts suggest that job seekers dress appropriately for interviews with potential employers. Researchers have found that appearance can play a role in how people are perceived and even how much they earn. One 1996 study found that attorneys who were rated as more attractive than their peers earned nearly 15 percent more than those ranked as less attractive. Culture is an important influence on how appearances are judged. While thinness tends to be valued in Western cultures, some African cultures relate full-figured bodies to better health, wealth, and social status. Artifacts Objects and images are also tools that can be used to communicate nonverbally. On an online forum, for example, you might select an avatar to represent your identity online and to communicate information about who you are and the things you like. People often spend a great deal of time developing a particular image and surrounding themselves with objects designed to convey information about the things that are important to them. Uniforms, for example, can be used to transmit a tremendous amount of information about a person. A soldier will don fatigues, a police officer will wear a uniform, and a doctor will wear a white lab coat. At a mere glance, these outfits tell people what a person does for a living. A Word From Verywell Nonverbal communication plays an important role in how we convey meaning and information to others, as well as how we interpret the actions of those around us. The important thing to remember when looking at such nonverbal behaviors is to consider the actions in groups. What a person actually says along with his or her expressions, appearance, and tone of voice might tell you a great deal about what that person is really trying to say.

Definition and Examples of Spoonerisms

Graduation Speech High School - 1357 Words

When you think of students in college you think of hard homework assignments, long essays with short due dates, the last minute studying for exams and of course the partying that everyone looks forward to when it comes to being in college. Do you ever think about what happens when you don’t do the homework, not turn in the essay on time and do horrible on the exams and party a little too much? When this happens, grades tend to fall and when grades tend to fall it usually means you’re not doing what you’re supposed to be doing, and when you’re paying thousands of dollars for an education most people can’t afford to take college as a game being played. For most students they don’t have a choice but to drop out because of all these outcomes. After high school a lot of kids are satisfied with just having their diplomas in their hand and not going to college to further their education. Then you have the students who want to have the best opportunity for a career that pays well and something they will enjoy doing for the rest of their lives. The sad thing about going to college is that a lot of kids drop out. There is a number of reasons why and what causes students to throw in the towel. You really can’t pin point the main reason because there isn’t one. However, students tend to drop out because of the cost, family situations, and keeping the grades up. One of the main reasons students drop out, is because of the cost of college. College is more and more expensive every singleShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech : High School934 Words   |  4 Pageslife would be graduation. For many people, graduating from high school is an objective. It takes a lot of time, effort, and determination to accomplish that goal. For others graduation is the end of high school, and the beginning of a new chapter in life. When graduated people feel as if adulthood has begun. In the long run, graduating opens a lot of opportunities for people to thrive. I can almost reminisce the day as if it was yesterday. I was sitting in bed like any other school day. It seemedRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School852 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to a report from Thomas Nelson Community College website, 15.7 percent is the graduation rate in 2010. 84 percent of students failed to receive their degree. That’s beyond sad. College can be difficulty especially with everyday life is getting harder to main family life work and financials. Because college is challenging, I know that I have issues that I must overcome. I told myself the more patient s I have the better success I will have. Although college will be difficult my goal isRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Essay2254 Words   |  10 Pages The day I graduated from high school The High school graduation day is a life full of journeys for everyone, high school life is a memorable time for most people, for me as well. High school can be filled with lots of good memories for some people and it could be filled with bad memories, for me it was both I had good times and I had bad times. The High school Graduation day should definitely be the best day of your life because that means no more high school, no more having to wake up at 6Read MoreGraduation Speech : High School Graduation854 Words   |  4 Pagesfail High School graduation can be an exciting time in a student’s life. It is a time in their lives where they begin to experience the kind of freedom that comes along with growing up. This freedom allows students to choose the type of college or University they would like to attend. It is necessary that they understand how responsible they need to be with the freedom that is being offered to them. When choosing what college or university to attend it may be tempting to want to go to a school thatRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Graduation1507 Words   |  7 PagesForest English 1010 9/9/2014 Graduation During our lives, most of us have hated getting up early. Whether we as humans enjoy mornings or not, we’re always looking forward to that unforgettable day. That special is high school graduation for me. Graduation is a ceremony that recognizes students that have excelled through school. Graduation was one of the best days of my life, perhaps even better than the day that I started college. There is no other day like graduation where there comes this feelingRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Graduation933 Words   |  4 PagesHigh School Graduation With regards to high school graduation, Balfanz, Herzog, and Iver (2007) followed 12,972 Philadelphia students enrolled in traditional middle schools from six grade (1996-1997) until 1 year beyond their expected graduation from high school (2003-2004) in order to understand what indicators would affect their projected graduation date. Unlike many of the early K-8 schools, the population Balfanz et al followed consisted of 64% African American, 19% White, 12% Hispanic,Read MoreGraduation Speech On High School Graduation851 Words   |  4 PagesThere Is No Success Without The Opportunity to Fail High School graduation can be an exciting time in a student’s life. It is a time when they begin to experience the kind of freedom that comes along with growing up. This freedom allows students to choose the type of college or University they would like to attend. It is necessary that they understand how responsible they need to be with the freedom that is being offered to them. When choosing what college or university they would like toRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School997 Words   |  4 Pagesup, I loved going to school and dreamed of one day attending college. Attending school every day and receiving good grades had become my top priority from K-12. I excelled from K-8th grade, but entering into high school was completely different than primary school. The atmosphere and environment was new to me, I was free to roam the halls or walk back out the door without any repercussions. This began my downward spiral in high school. My freshman year was by far the best school year for me becauseRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School897 Words   |  4 PagesHigh school was one of the most challenging moments in my life. Not only did I have to deal with the academic pressures and social issues from my peers I had external factors that were heavily impacting me as well. During my junior year my mom separated from her husband and me and my three little brothe rs ended up staying house to house with close relatives. Shortly after that time at the beginning of my senior year, my mom was sent to prison. In the midst of dealing with all of the demands thatRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Essay1434 Words   |  6 PagesWhen I was in high school I had one goal, I would graduate top of my class and go to the University of Florida for pre-medicine, then onto their medical school. I never considered that I would want anything else, so I went to a specialty high school that would allow me to specialize in Biomedical sciences(STEM) and never even thought about the possibility of a life other than the one I had so precisely planned out for myself. When my nephews were born my sophomore year all of my priorities changed

How Harry Potter Changed the World Free Essays

Communication paper Harry Potter When I was young, I went to school waiting all day to get back to my Super Nintendo and play Ken Griffey Jr baseball. I grew up in a world of technology and awesome gadgets and toys that left me no time to even think about reading. When I was in the 4th grade a book came out that changed my generations view on reading; this book made it cool and fun for kids to read. We will write a custom essay sample on How Harry Potter Changed the World or any similar topic only for you Order Now This book was Harry Potter and twelve years later it is more popular than ever before. Harry Potter is the worlds most popular book series, and some people that it has saved reading (Sperling,1). Harry Potter is also the most successful film series of all time, surpassing Star Wars and the James Bond series (Miller, 1). Harry Potter has had an incredible impact, not only on the younger generations, but on all the generations in our society. In this paper I will argue that Harry Potter is the novel of a generation and sparked social change. The first Harry Potter book came out in 1997 in Europe and 1998 in the United States. And since then it has become a multi-billion dollar brand (Watson and Keller, 1). Potter was instantly a hit and our culture caught the Harry Potter craze. People fell in love with the first book; parents claimed that it saved reading(Sperling,1). Harry Potter changed the priority of millions of children; instead of rushing home to play video games or watch TV, kids were sitting on the steps of their schools reading Harry Potter. All one needs to do is look at the numbers, and you will see the amount of impact that Harry Potter has had on the world let alone Americas culture. The Harry Potter series has sold more than 325 million copies worldwide in more than 90 countries (BBC,1). The Harry Potter movie’s have continuously grossed more than 500 million dollars. Popularity is not everything, but people love Harry Potter and there is a lot more to the books than just a terrific story. Many people look into the stories and see how these books could shape our culture. Many parents and religious leaders wanted Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone banned because they said that the book opened up children’ s minds to the occult and other thing that would push them away from God (Barbra, 1). The first Harry Potter book opened people up power that had not been seen since Huckleberry Fin. The book had turned into something bigger than just another children’s book, the book had started a cultural debate. Harry Potter is literary genius and brought countless of kids to reading, and still people felt that it was from the Devil and was actually harming kids. These debates made it to the news, and they were discussed among many parents. This book started off with a cultural bang, and laid the landscape for what would become the great debate of Harry Potter. The Harry Potter phenomenon sparked a conversation that not many books have sparked. How much power should a novel have on the choices that children make (O‘ Brien, 1)? There are many people who believe that Harry Potter is having a persuasive negative effect on our younger generation. These people believe that Harry Potter is clouding our younger generations ability to decipher between good and evil (O’ Brien, 1). Some of the accusations that have been brought against Harry Potter seem pretty ridiculous to me, but you have to respect the fact that many people in this world feel that Harry Potter is a bad influence. Harry Potter has sparked a debate over if the book is good or bad for our culture. Most of these groups that believe that Harry Potter has a negative effect on our society are religious groups. Religious groups have a fear that the youth of this generation will look at the Harry Potter books instead of the Bible. This is the perfect example to show that Harry Potter is culturally relevant and changing the way people view books and their impact on society. There are many groups that have taken a more positive light on the Harry Potter books. These groups take the Harry Potter message just as seriously as the religious groups but they see these books as a spark to positive social change. The Harry Potter Alliance is one of the names of the groups that seek to bring positive change in the name of Potter. Don’t let the name fool you, these groups are serious about bringing change. The vision statement of the Harry Potter Alliance is: â€Å"Just as Dumbledore’s Army wakes the world up to Voldemort’s return, works for equal rights of house elves and werewolves, and empowers its members, we: Work with partner NGO’s to alerting the world to the dangers of global warming, poverty, and genocide. Work with our partners for equal rights regardless, of race, gender and sexuality. Encourage our members to hone the magic of their creativity in endeavoring to make the word a better place. Join our army to make the world a safer, more magical place, and let your voice be heard. (Belser, 1)† This quote gives you a glimpse into the seriousness of the Harry Potter Alliance. This group is putting their mission statement into action. When Haiti was struck by the awful earthquake in January the HPA raised 123,000 dollars in two weeks (Belser, 1). The HPA has also donated more than 55,000 books since 2009 (Belser, 1). This organization is striving for change, and this group was founded on principles that were learned from the Harry Potter books. A novel has changed the way people look at the world. JK Rowling may not have meant to follow in the footsteps of Charles Dickens and his story A Christmas Carol, but she has. She has opened the minds of many different cultures and sparked social change. The Harry Potter Alliance is an extreme example of how Harry Potter has opened the minds of its readers, but there are many more subtle ways on how Harry Potter has changed its readers. Harry Potter teaches its readers about true friendship, loyalty, hope, and standing up for what you believe in. Those are qualities that most parents want for their children and those are the qualities that Harry Potter is teaching our younger generation. Harry Potter has changed American culture. One might argue that Harry Potter is just a book and books cannot change the culture it is the people who read the book that change the culture. That would demean the power that the novel has. There is a power that Harry Potter has and it is hard to deny it. Harry Potter is a phenomenon because it was able to catch the attention of a generation that many people feared were straying away from literature. Potter reached a culture that was all about the media for entertainment, there was a fear that novels were a dying breed. The Power of Potter proved that kids of the 21st century could still be moved by literature. That’s why Harry Potter is the book of a generation. Harry Potter has sparked a social change and brought a love for literature How to cite How Harry Potter Changed the World, Papers

Prewriting, Writing, Revising free essay sample

ADMN 233 Assignment 2 Template Assignment 2 Instructions Assignment 2 is worth 15% of your final mark. It should be completed and submitted after you finish Chapter 7 in your textbook. This assignment is divided into three parts, corresponding to the 3-x-3 writing process described in Unit 2 (Chapters 5 to 7) of your textbook. You will complete three activities in each part of this assignment. Part 1: Prewriting (30 marks) Activity A – Analyze a task Activity B – Anticipate an audience’s needs Activity C – Adapt your message to your audience and its needs Part 2: Writing (30 marks) Activity A – Research a topic and generate ideas Activity B – Organize ideas into a coherent text structure Activity C – Compose a first draft Part 3: Revising (40 marks) Activity A – Evaluate a text Activity B – Organize a text Activity C – Revise a text General Instructions The writing tasks you will complete in this assignment are based on real-world scenarios that describe a variety of situations. 1. Read every activity and scenario carefully in order to understand the problems that the characters encounter and the actions that they take. We will write a custom essay sample on Prewriting, Writing, Revising or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2. Complete all three activities for each part in sequence. 3. Limit your answers to a maximum of one sentence per mark, unless otherwise instructed. For example, if a question is worth three marks, ensure that you write three complete sentences. 4. Decide what information is important for your reader to know and what is not. You may need to invent additional facts that you consider important to communicate to your reader. 5. Reorganize this information to communicate it to a reader in a clearer and more efficient way. 6. Integrate the lessons you have learned as you complete this assignment. Review the following pages in the Welcome and Orientation section of this course Web site before you complete this assignment: Marking Guide Questions of Style Applying the 3-x-3 Writing Process Plagiarism Plagiarism is submitting or presenting someone elses work as your own. It includes copying words from an assignment you wrote in this course into a new assignment; copying your instructor’s comments and presenting them as your own; and copying headings, outlines, sentences, paragraphs, tables, and graphics without permission or citation. Plagiarizing someone elses writing is not allowed at Athabasca University. For information about plagiarism and intellectual honesty, consult the following page from the Athabasca University Calendar: http://www. athabascau. ca/studserv/inthonesty. htm. ADMN 233 markers use anti-plagiarism software. The consequences for plagiarism and academic misconduct are severe. If you are caught plagiarizing someone else’s text, you will obtain a zero on this assignment. A letter describing this offence will be appended to your student record. You risk being suspended or expelled from Athabasca University. Part 1Prewriting (Questions 1 to 11)30 marks Refer as needed to material in Chapter 5 of your textbook. Read the instructions for each activity. Answer all questions clearly and concisely. If possible, include examples to highlight your comments. Activity A – Analyze a task Questions/Tasks 1. What is David’s primary purpose in sending a message to his reader? (Refer to page 95 in your textbook. ) Support your answer with an explanation. (2/2 marks) Davis’s primary purpose in sending a message to his reader is to inform them of the company’s decision regarding the warranty of the car. This information will be useful to know how to proceed with the claim. 2. What is the secondary purpose of David’s message? (Refer to pages 95 and 96 in your textbook. ) Support your answer with an explanation. (2/2 marks) David’s secondary purpose in sending a message is to promote goodwill and fairness among all customers. Even though David has to communicate a negative message, Hybrid Cars Canada wants to look good and fair in the eyes if its customers. 3. Which channel (e. g. , phone call, e-mail, or letter) is best suited to communicate this type of message? Explain your answer. Consult Figure 5. 2 Choosing Communication Channels on page 97 in your textbook. (2/2 marks) The channel best suited to communicate this type of message would be a letter. When passing a message onto a consumer a written formality is needed to outline the company’s policy. Activity B – Anticipate an audience’s needs Questions/Tasks 4. Who is (are) the primary reader(s) targeted by this memo? Refer to Figure 5. 3 Asking the Right Questions to Profile Your Audience on page 98 in your textbook to provide an explanation. (1/1 mark) The primary readers targeted by this memo are Patricia Irving seeing as how she was the one that request the information and Jason Tucker because he is the Chief Information Officer and will have to work directly with the software. 5. Describe your professional relationship with your primary reader(s). Refer again to Figure 5. 3 on page 98 of your textbook. (1/1 mark) My professional relationship with the primary readers is one of an information provider for a product that they’re interested in. As this is an initial communication, our relationship is friendly but formal. 6. Given your answer to question 5, what tone should your memo convey? Support your answer with examples. Refer to pages 98 and 99 in your textbook. (2/2 marks) My tone should be friendly, positive, and courteous while focusing on empathic communication. For example, using sentences like â€Å"Zedex III Solutions software can allow you to manage large amounts of information,† instead of â€Å"Zedex III Solutions software is suitable for most small brokerage firms† includes simple language and adds a personal tone to the message. 7. In your opinion, how knowledgeable is (are) the primary reader(s) about the subject of the memo? Explain. Think about your readers’ knowledge of computer products, accounting systems, and information management prior to sending your memo. (2/2 marks) In my opinion, Patricia Irving would be quite familiar with the subject of the memo, however, she would be lacking in-depth knowledge about the software whereas Jason Tucker, being a certified network analyst, will have extensive in-depth knowledge about the subject of the memo. Seeing as how both my primary readers have different knowledge about the subject, I would have to tailor my memo to make certain that both parties will be able to fully understand. 8. Should you expect a negative response, a positive response, or a neutral response from your primary reader(s)? (2/2 marks) I would expect a positive response from Jason Tucker but simply a neutral response from Patricia Irving. This is so because it is highly likely that she is simply looking for information for a suitable alternative to her software and therefore has asked other companies to submit memos as well in a search for the best price. 9. Identify your secondary readers and describe their specific information needs. (3/3 marks) My secondary readers are Victor Boudeli, Barbara Miller, and a group of Wascana investors. Seeing as how Victor Boudeli is the sales director, I would expect that he has extensive knowledge on the subject of the memo, whereas the group of Wascana investors would have a severely limited knowledge about the subject and would require more help understanding the memo. Also, I would expect that since Barbara Miller is the Zedex President, she would have a good working knowledge about the subject but will want to make sure that her [potential] customers are being well communicated with. Activity C – Adapt your message to your audience and its needs Questions/Tasks 10. What problems should you address in order to make the language of the above memo clearer? Select these from the Checklist for Adapting a Message to Its Audience on page 104 of the textbook. Be specific and support your answers. (3/3 marks) There are quite a few problems that need to be addressed to make the language of the above memo clearer such as using words that are short and familiar but precise and vigorous (the word â€Å"acquiesce† is not necessary). ? An appropriate tone should also be used to avoid negativity and express ideas positively (â€Å"will be cause for immediate termination! † is too strong and negative and the memo should instead urge readers to act for benefits [improved safety] as opposed to avoid negative consequences) that avoid gender, racial, age, and disability bias. ?Finally, the memo should have a focus on reader benefits (as opposed to company benefits with reader benefits seemingly an afterthought) by enhancing the â€Å"you† view to make the memo conversational but professional.? 11. Rewrite your manager’s memo. Think about how expressing yourself positively, courteously, simply, precisely, vigorously, and in a conversational tone will affect your readers’ responses. Refer to pages 101 to 104 in your textbook. (9/10 marks) Date: Feb. 17, 2010 To: All Operating Personnel From: Management Subject: New Safety Procedures Management has decided to implement a new set of rules and safety procedures for all operation personnel. Previous regulations have been revised and updated so as to reduce the risk of personal injury. These revisions will not only improve safety but will also minimize damage to the company. The new list of mandatory rules and procedures has been posted outside the main doors in Shop A. These changes are effective immediately and all operation personnel who fail to adhere to these new rules will risk dismissal from the company. Sincerely, The Management Team Much better memo here It’s professional and clear and not unfriendly. Avoiding passive structures is something to watch for. This course encourages an active writing style. For Marker’s Use: Part 1 Subtotal: 29 /30 Part 2Writing (Questions 12 to 19)30 marks Refer as needed to material in Chapters 6 and 7 of your textbook. Read the instructions for each activity. Answer all questions clearly and concisely. If possible, include examples to highlight your comments. Activity A – Research a topic and generate ideas Questions/Tasks 12. Supply three specific examples of the kind of information Mary could gather using formal research methods. Refer to pages 112 to 113 in your textbook. Include the specific formal research methods you would use to obtain this information. (3/3 marks) a. Mary could gather information on tax benefits that Viscounts Hydro Inc. could enjoy if they were to help fund a non-profit organization like EnviroFriends by searching manually through reference books or searching electronically. b. Mary could also try to find out information about the company’s revenues and budget and how much of it has already been spent (thus how much would be left available to donate) by investigating primary sources. c. Mary could also search electronically for information on the primary contact that she could speak with will writing her proposition and dealing with the Viscount’s foundation. 13. Supply three specific examples of the kind of information Mary could gather using informal research methods Refer to page 113 in your textbook. Include the specific informal research methods you would use to obtain this information. (3/3 marks) a. Mary could try to gather information firsthand on the company’s policy towards donating to non-profit organizations such as EnviroFriends by interviewing the target company. b. Mary could try talking to her boss and coworkers to find relevant information about past propositions and experiences with companies similar to Viscount Hydro Inc. c. Mary could also try to gather information by looking into files that will show her the organization and content of past propositions to the company as well as and what the company’s response was. Activity B – Organize ideas into a coherent text structure Questions/Tasks 14. Help Gino organize the topics presented in Scenario 5. Create an alphanumeric or decimal outline for the human resources manual to organize this information logically (i. e. , major title, major component, subpoints). Review outlining formats on pages 114 to 118 in your textbook, especially Figure 6. 3 Two Outlining Formats on page 117. (8/8 marks) Plasto Industries Human Resources Manual 1. 0. Employment 1. 1. Generalities 1. 1. 1. Employee Recruitment and Selection 1. 1. 2. Reference Checks 1. 1. 3. Performance Reviews 1. 1. 4. Maximum Work Hours per Week for Salaried Staff 1. 1. 5. Maximum Work Hours per Week for Hourly Staff 1. 2. Compensation 1. 2. 1. Pay Scale 1. 2. 2. Holiday Pay 1. 2. 3. Overtime Pay 1. 2. 4. Salary Reviews 2. 0. Leaves and Departures 2. 1. Time Away From Work 2. 1. 1. Sick Leave 2. 1. 2. Bereavement Leave 2. 1. 3. Administrative Leave 2. 1. 4. Jury Duty Leave 2. 1. 5. Vacation Leave 2. 2. Departure 2. 2. 1. Resignation 2. 2. 2. Dismissal/Termination 2. 2. 3. Exit Interviews 3. 0. Employee Plans 3. 1. Insurance 3. 1. 1. Healthcare Insurance 3. 1. 2. Accidental Death and Dismemberment Insurance 3. 2. Programs 3. 2. 1. Pension Plan 3. 2. 2. Long-term Disability Program 3. 2. 3. Savings Bond Purchase Program 4. 0. Workplace 4. 1. Policies 4. 1. 1. Verbal Abuse Policy 4. 1. 2. Disciplinary Policy and Procedure 4. 1. 3. Conflict of Interest Policy 4. 2. Rules 4. 2. 1. Sexual Harassment 4. 2. 2. Drugs and Alcohol 4. 2. 3. Personal Telephone Calls 4. 2. 4. Unexcused Absences 4. 2. 5. Parking Restrictions 4. 3. Workplace Environment 4. 3. 1. Workplace Language 4. 3. 2. Dress and Appearance 4. 3. 3. Smoking in the Workplace 15. Explain and support your reasons for organizing the outline as you did. Address each of the following elements of an outline: sequence, title, major components, and subpoints. (4/4 marks) The title that I chose clearly defines what the outline is about as well as who the intended audience is. The outline is then separated into four major components so as to effectively group related matters together to make it easy for employees to navigate. These major components are then further separated into more clearly and well defined subpoints to further increase the ease of navigation. These subpoints are then put into a sequence so that the most commonly addressed topics are dealt with at the beginning. Activity C – Compose a first draft Questions/Tasks Refer to pages 121 to 129 in your textbook to complete the following tasks. 16. Clearly, Frida’s draft memo needs to be improved. Find two examples of long sentences that should be divided into shorter ones. Copy these sentences and then rewrite them, explaining how you can make each one clearer by shortening it. Clearly label your work under the headings of Original Sentence, Revised Sentence, and Explanation. Edit wordy expressions that are unnecessary or information that is off-topic. (5/6 marks) Original Sentence 1: In preparation for the development of the marketing campaign for the Spring/Summer 2010 line, I would like to provide you with an overview of the orders we have placed for the delivery in February 2010 to coincide with â€Å"Spring Break† purchases, which have traditionally provided a significant portion of our annual sales, second only out â€Å"Back to School† event in the fall, although these events may not be as successful as last year. Revised Sentence 1: To prepare the marketing campaign for the Sumer/Spring 2010 line, I would like to provide you with an overview of the orders we have placed. We have placed the orders to be delivered in February 2010 to coincide with â€Å"Spring Break† sales as they are second only to â€Å"Back to School† events in the fall. Explanation: Dividing such a long sentence into two shorter sentences helps separate ideas and increase readability and comprehensiveness. There was also unnecessary and off-topic information in the original sentence that made it hard to follow and understand what the memo was about. Original Sentence 2: There is a wide variety of styles to choose from—sandals, mules, flip-flops, stilettos, platforms, and boots—and this will be an exciting season for us, especially considering the disappointment of last year, something for everyone. Revised Sentence 2: This is going to be an exciting season for all of us thanks to our wide variety of styles to choose from. With sandals, mules, flip-flop, stilettos, platforms, and boots, there is sure to be something for everyone. Explanation: Dividing such a long sentence into two shorter sentences increase readability and comprehensiveness. It also allows for the main ideas of the sentences to be clearer thus helps readers to understand the sentences. 17. Copy one sentence from Scenario 6 that is written in the passive voice. Rewrite this sentence using the active voice. Clearly label the old and new sentences as Passive and Active. (2/2 marks) Passive: A meeting has been scheduled for us on Tuesday, November 8, to review the Spring/Summer line by us. Active: We have scheduled a meeting on Tuesday, November 8 to review the Spring/Summer line with you. 18. Copy one sentence from Scenario 6 that contains a misplaced modifier. Rewrite this sentence to clarify its meaning. Clearly label your sentences as Misplaced Modifier and Clearer Modifier. (2/2 marks) Misplaced Modifier: A meeting has been scheduled for us on Tuesday, November 8, to review the Spring/Summer line by us. Clearer Modifier: We scheduled a meeting for us to review the Spring/Summer line on Tuesday, November 8. 19. Identify two problems in the following example from Scenario 6: â€Å"Not to mention the amazing embellishments that are sure to spark the interest of our well-healed clients: flowers, butterflies, crystals, and feathers. † (2/2 marks) The first problem is the misplaced modifier (are butterflies our well-healed clients? ). The second problem is that the sentence is a dependent clause and there is no independent clause that allows readers to be able to understand what the sentence is about. For Marker’s Use: Part 2 Subtotal: 29 /30 Part 3Revising (Questions 20 to 28)40 marks Refer as needed to Chapters 5, 6, and 7 of your textbook. Read the instructions for each activity. Answer all questions clearly and concisely. If possible, include examples to highlight your comments. Maintain a â€Å"you† view throughout. Activity A – Evaluate a text Evaluate the purpose, tone, and organization of Walter’s letter. Who is the audience and what is the purpose of the letter? Does it maintain a â€Å"you† view? 20. What is Walter Bern’s specific purpose for writing to Mrs. Beaudoin? (1/1 mark) Walter Bern’s specific purpose is to inform Mrs. Beaudoin how she can accumulate points with the Boat Buyers Program (BBP). 21. In one sentence, comment on the tone of Walter’s letter. (1/1 mark) The tone is Walter’s letter is different from beginning to end as it starts conversational and then become more formal. 22. In three sentences, comment on the content organization in Walter’s letter. (3/3 marks) The purpose of informing Mrs. Beaudion on how to accumulate points should be stated at the beginning of the letter. Doing so would allow the reader to save time, prevent frustration, and set a proper mind frame. Instead of doing this however, Walter takes a long time to get to the point and causes the reader to wonder why she even received the letter. 23. Provide two examples with supportive evidence to describe how the content of the letter is on topic. (4/4 marks) The letter mentions how to collect points by helping a friend or colleague sign up for the BBP program as well as a few other methods. Seeing as how the purpose of the letter was to inform Mrs. Beaudoin how to accumulate points with the BBP program these methods are appropriate and on-topic. The letter also mentions the enclosed brochure that explains the details of the BBP program as well as information about the BBP card rewards. Enclosing the brochure allows Mrs. Beaudoin to read into further detail on the BBP program and is appropriate and on-topic. Activity B – Organize a text Assess the effectiveness of the letter’s content and organization. 24. Provide two examples of sentences that should be removed and justify your answer. (2/2 marks) Sentences 1: Your departure date is January 19th, from Miami. The ship leaves dock at 5 p. m. Explanation 1: These sentences provide information that Mrs. Beaudoin should already know, and make it harder to identify the true purpose of the letter. Sentence 2: Please call me if you have any questions and I will be glad to call you back Explanation 2: This letter should end the need for further correspondence 25. Provide two examples where parts of this letter are missing or underdeveloped. (2/2 marks) Sentence 1: The BBP card is the only card you can use to make payments on board the liner. Explanation 1: Since Mrs. Beaudoin is new to the program she would not know this and could easily miss this information especially since it is only mentioned once and because it is hidden in the middle of a sentence. Sentence 2: You get an extra 50 points if you help sign up a friend or colleague in the BBP program as well. Explanation 2: This idea is underdeveloped because certain questions are not answered like how do you get a friend to sign up? How will the company know that you are the referee? 26. Help Walter reorganize his letter by creating an alphanumeric outline (i. e. , major title, major component, subpoints). (3/3 marks) Customer Informational Letter I. Opening A. Main idea of message II. Body A. Explanation of main idea B. Additional opportunities III. Closing A. Closing thought Activity C – Revise a text 27. Proofread paragraph 1 of Walter’s letter. Refer to the Checklist for Revising Messages on page 143 of the textbook. Identify four items that need revising. Describe the writing problems these examples demonstrate. Clearly label your sentences as Examples and Problems. (4/4 marks) Example 1: Your departure date is January 19th, from Miami. The ship leaves dock at 5 p. m. Problem 1: Shun redundancies. These are repetitive phrases. Example 2: Thank you for joining the Boat Buyers Program (BBP) prior to taking your Christmas Caribbean cruise. Problem 2: Tighten your writing. Using compound prepositions increases wordiness. Example 3: We are planning to give you, our valued customer, a special Christmas bonus under this program. Problem 3: Keep it conversational. This sentence uses unnecessary fancy language. Example 4: This cruise will take you and your friends from Miami to Nassau in the Bahamas on the Maiden of the Sea, the newest cruise ship featured by Earth’s Voyages Cruises. Problem 4: Keep the message simple. Avoid unnecessary information that should already be known. 28. Rewrite Walter’s letter to improve its effectiveness. Cultivate the â€Å"you† view and focus on the receiver’s needs. Write an effective version of Walter’s text (Refer to pages 99 and 100 in your textbook. ) Present an effective version of Walter’s text using your own words. Incorporate the analysis you previously completed in questions 20–27 as you follow the 3-x-3 process. Format this text as a professional letter by cultivating a â€Å"receiver focus. † (16//20 marks) Earth’s Voyages: Discount travel that inspires memorable vacations. May 26 2009 Mrs. Jeanne Beaudoin 7 rue Ste. Therese Ville de Quebec, PQ G2K 9K7 Dear Jeanne, Thank you for joining the Boat Buyers Program (BBP) at Earth Voyages Cruises. We’re happy that you have chosen to travel with us this holiday season, and are proud to offer you exclusive deals available only to members of the BBP program. As you know, your Christmas Caribbean Cruise will take you to Nassau in the Bahamas on the Maiden of the Sea and is scheduled to depart at 5 PM on the 19th of January 2010. What you might not know however, is that you will be awarded an extra 100 BBP points for simply completing the cruise. It is important to note that the BBP credit card is the only card you can use to make payments on board the liner. To take full advantage of your cruise, you should activate your card by calling 1-800-GO-GO-BBP. You will receive 10 points for every dollar that you spend on board the ship and receive an additional 50 points if you help sign up a friend or colleague to the BBP program. Once you have accumulated enough points, there are many different ways that they can be redeemed: 2,000 points: St. Lawrence River cruise departing from Montreal 2,000 points: Queen Charlotte Island cruise departing from Vancouver 5,000 points: Caribbean cruise departing from any port in the US 10,000 points: Mediterranean cruise Your BBP points can also be redeemed for discounts on major airlines travelling from your home to the cruise port of departure. Please see the enclosed brochure for further details on the BBP program as well as information about BBP card rewards. You might also be interested in our Alaska section of the brochure regarding our super sales for Summer 2009 Travel Destinations. We hope that you take full advantage of our BBP program and all the cost savings that it offers. At Earth Voyages Cruises, we are dedicated to serving you so that you can get the most out of our cruises. Sincerely, Walter Bern Public Relations Representative Earth’s Voyages Youve definitely improved the letter here. The organization is much more logical and coherent and the language and tone both read smoothly. Remember to follow the specific patterns according to the course concepts and examples from the text. Since this is a routine memo, the introduction should clearly indicate the purpose of the letter. The important point here is to be sure to clearly and directly apply the patterns for the upcoming assignments. This is particularly important for assignment 3, in which the instructions will frequently refer you to specific pages in the text. There are several different patterns that you need to transfer from the course materials and apply into your writing tasks. Conciseness is also something to pay attention to. You can choose and modify what to include in your versions. Outstanding work on this second assignment overall! Please contact us through the Student Support Centre if you have any questions. Kind regards,